Más allá de la pesca: empalamiento de una tortuga cabezona por el pez espada

Autores/as

  • Fernando N. Fiedler Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação da Biodiversidade Marinha do Sudeste e Sul (CEPSUL), Avenida Carlos Ely Castro 195 Centro, 88301-445 - Itajaí, Brazil
  • Gilberto Sales Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação de Tartarugas Marinhas e da Biodiversidade Marinha do Leste (Centro TAMAR/ICMBio), 88061-160 - Florianópolis, Brazil
  • Rodrigo Barreto Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação da Biodiversidade Marinha do Sudeste e Sul (CEPSUL), Avenida Carlos Ely Castro 195 Centro, 88301-445 - Itajaí, Brazil
  • Caiame J. Nascimento Independent researcher, 42830-034 - Camaçari, Brazil
  • Bruno B. Giffoni Fundação Centro Brasileiro de Proteção e Pesquisa das Tartarugas Marinhas (Fundação Projeto Tamar), 11688-670 - Ubatuba, Brazil

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47193/mafis.3612023010102

Palabras clave:

Tortuga marina, captura incidental, interacción de especies, pesquerías, Océano Atlántico Sudoccidental

Resumen

Las tortugas marinas son susceptibles a una amplia gama de impactos. En Brasil, la tortuga cabezona Caretta caretta (Linnaeus, 1758) es la principal especie de tortuga marina capturada incidentalmente por las flotas pesqueras de palangre que tienen como objetivo la tintorera Prionace glauca (Linnaeus, 1758) y el pez espada Xiphias gladius (Linnaeus, 1758). Este último, es muy conocido por su estrategia de depredación, que consiste en utilizar el rostro para herir y atrapar presas. En este estudio, se registró por primera vez el empalamiento de un juvenil de tortuga cabezona por un pez espada en 2018 durante una operación de pesca de un palangrero brasileño. El capitán del barco grabó dos videos de esta interacción a unos 260 km de la costa brasileña. La tortuga marina fue atrapada incidentalmente con un anzuelo y posteriormente atacada por el pez espada. El rostro perforó inicialmente el hombro izquierdo anterior de la tortuga y atravesó el cuerpo, saliendo por la parte posterior derecha del caparazón. Dada la posición del ataque, la tortuga sufrió un daño interno considerable. Aunque la tortuga fue subida a bordo para quitarle el anzuelo y luego fue devuelta viva al mar, probablemente murió debido a la extensión de las heridas causadas por el paso del rostro a través del centro del cuerpo. Dado que tanto el pez espada como la tortuga son pelágicos y estas interacciones no se registran acabadamente, estos encuentros pueden ser relativamente comunes. Por lo tanto, este tipo de información debe incluirse en los protocolos de recopilación de datos de los programas de monitoreo de pesquerías para comprender mejor y escalar este tipo de fenómenos, no solo para las tortugas marinas sino también en relación con otros grupos de fauna.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Métricas

Cargando métricas ...

Biografía del autor/a

Fernando N. Fiedler, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação da Biodiversidade Marinha do Sudeste e Sul (CEPSUL), Avenida Carlos Ely Castro 195 Centro, 88301-445 - Itajaí, Brazil

Gilberto Sales, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação de Tartarugas Marinhas e da Biodiversidade Marinha do Leste (Centro TAMAR/ICMBio), 88061-160 - Florianópolis, Brazil

Rodrigo Barreto, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação da Biodiversidade Marinha do Sudeste e Sul (CEPSUL), Avenida Carlos Ely Castro 195 Centro, 88301-445 - Itajaí, Brazil

Caiame J. Nascimento, Independent researcher, 42830-034 - Camaçari, Brazil

Bruno B. Giffoni, Fundação Centro Brasileiro de Proteção e Pesquisa das Tartarugas Marinhas (Fundação Projeto Tamar), 11688-670 - Ubatuba, Brazil

Citas

Achaval F, Prigioni C. 1988. Reporte de colisión de ‘Marlin’ (Makaira nigricans) a una tortuga Laud (Dermochelys coriacea). V Reunión Iberoamericana de Conservación y Zoologia de Vertebrados, Montevideo, 26-30 julio. 93 p.

Ataman A, Gainsbury AM, Manire CA, Hoffmann SL, Page-Karjian A, Hirsch SE, Polyak MMR, Cassill DL, Aoki DM, Fraser KM, et al. 2021. Evaluating prevalence of external injuries on nesting loggerhead sea turtles Caretta caretta in southeastern Florida, USA. Endang Species Res. 46: 137-146. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/esr01149

Barceló C, Domingo A, Miller P, Ortega L, Giffoni B, Sales G, McNaughton L, Marcovaldi M, Heppell SS, Swimmer Y. 2013. High-use areas, seasonal movements and dive patterns of juvenile loggerhead sea turtles in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean. Mar Ecol Progr Ser. 479: 235-250.

Brock RE. 1985. Preliminary study of the feeding habits of pelagic fish around Hawaiian fish aggregation devices or can fish aggregation devices enhance local fisheries productivity? Bull Mar. Sci 37: 40-49.

Carey FG. 1982. A brain heater in the swordfish. Science. 216 (4552): 1327-1329. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.7079766

Carey FG, Robison BH. 1981. Daily patterns in the activities of swordfish, Xiphias gladius, observed by acoustic telemetry. Fish Bull. 79 (2): 277-292.

Carvajal JMG, Madueño JJM, Bómez BB, Paniagua JMR. 2002. Swordfish attack: an usual cause of penetrating thoracic wound. Eur J Cardio-Thorac Surg. 21: 926.

Clarke MR, Clarke DC, Martins HR, Silva HM. 1995. The diet of swordfish (Xiphias gladius) in Azorean waters. Arquipel Life Mar Sci. 13 (A): 53-69.

Domingo A, Bugoni L, Prosdocimi L, Miller P, Laporta M, Monteiro DS, Estrades A, Albareda D. 2006b. El impacto generado por las pesquerías en las tortugas marinas en el Océano Atlántico Sud Occidental. WWF Programa Marino para Latinoamérica y el Caribe, San José Costa Rica. 72 p.

Domingo A, Sales G, Giffoni B, Miller P, Laporta M, Mauruto G. 2006a. Distribución y composición de tallas de las tortugas marinas (Caretta caretta y Dermochelys coriacea) que interactúan con el palangre pelágico en el Atlántico Sur. Collect Vol Sci Pap ICCAT. 59 (3): 992-1002.

Ellis R. 2013. Swordfish: a biography of the ocean gladiator. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.

Fiedler FN, Sales G, Giffoni BB, Port D, Sant’ana R, Barreto AS, Schwingel PR. 2015. Spatio-temporal distribution and target species of longline fisheries off Southeastern/Southern Brazil between 2000 and 2011. Braz J Oceanogr. 63: 83-97.

Fierstine HL. 1997. An Atlantic blue marlin, Makaira nigricans, impaled by two species of billfishes (Teleostei: Istiophoridae). Bull Mar Sci. 61 (2): 495-499.

Fierstine HL, Cailliet GM, Neer JA. 1997. Shortfin mako, Isurus oxyrinchus, impaled by blue marlin, Makaira nigricans (Teleostei: Istiophoridae). Bull South Calif Acad Sci. 96 (3): 117-121.

Figueiredo JL, Menezes N. 2000. Manual de peixes marinhos do sudeste do Brasil. VI. Teleostei (5) São Paulo: Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo. 116 p.

Frazier JG, Fierstine HL, Beavers SC, Achaval F, Suganuma H, Pitman RL, Yamaguchi Y, Prigioni CM. 1994. Impalement of marine turtles (Reptilia, Chelonia: Cheloniidae and Dermochelyidae) by billfishes (Osteichthyes, Perciformes: Istiophoridae and Xiphiidae). Environ Biol Fishes. 39: 85-96.

Frietsches KA, Brill RW, Warrant EJ. 2005. Warm eyes provide superior vision in swordfishes. Curr Biol. 15: 55-58. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2004.12.064

Galarza M, Alfaro R, De la Rosa P, Piqueras C. 2016. Delayed spinal cord herniation after a swordfish attack. Oper Neurosurg. 12 (3): E307-E308. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1227/neu.0000000000001318

Georgiadou D, Zografos GN, Vaidakis D, Avlonitis S, Katopodi A, Tzirakis EN, Sioutos P, Drossos C, Lampropoulou P, Papastratis G. 2010. Swordfish bill injury involving abdomen and vertebral column: case report and review. BMC Surgery. 10: 2-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2482-10-30

Giffoni B, Domingo A, Sales G, Fiedler FN, Miller P. 2008. Interacción de tortugas marinas (Caretta caretta y Dermochelys coriacea) con la pesca de palangre pelágico en el Atlántico Sudoccidental: uma perspectiva regional para la conservación. Collect Vol Sci Pap ICCAT. 62 (6): 1861-1870.

Gooi BH, Khamizar W, Suhani MN. 2007. Swordfish attack-death by penetrating head injury. Asian J Surg. 30 (2): 158-159.

Gorbunova NN. 1969. Breeding grounds and food of the larvae of the swordfish Xiphias gladius Linnaeu (Pisces, Xiphllidae). Probl Lchthyol. 9: 375-387.

Gorni GR, Goiten R, Amorim AF. 2013. Description of diet of pelagic fish in the southwestern Atlantic, Brazil. Biota Neotrop. 13 (1): 61-69.

Gorni GR, Loibel S, Goiten R, Amorim AF. 2012. Stomach contents analysis of swordfish (Xiphias gladius) caught off Southern Brazil: a Bayesian analysis. Col Vol Sci Pap ICCAT. 68 (4): 1594-1600.

Gudger EW. 1940. The alleged pugnacity of the swordfish and the spear-fishes as shown by their attacks on vessels. A study of their behavior and the structures which make possible these attacks. Mem Roy Asiat Soc Bengal. 4: 272-273.

Habegger ML. 2014. Functional morphology and feeding mechanics of billfishes [PhD thesis]. Tampa: Scholar Commons, University of South Florida.

Habegger ML, Dean MN, Dunlop JWC, Mullins G, Stokes M, Huber DR, Winters D, Motta PJ. 2015. Feeding in billfishes: inferring the role of the rostrum from a biomechanical standpoint. J Exp Biol. 218: 824-836. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.106146

Habegger ML, Huber DH, Lajeunesse MJ, Motta PJ. 2017. Theoretical calculations of bite force in billfishes. J Zool. 303 (1): 15-26. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jzo.12465

Haddad VJr, Figueiredo JL. 2009. Attack upon a bather by a swordfish: a case report. Wilderness Environ Med. 20: 344-346.

Hazin H, Erzini K. 2008. Assessing swordfish distribution in the South Atlantic from spatial predictions. Fish Res. 90: 45-55. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2007.09.010

Hirama S, Witherington B. 2012. A loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) preying on fish within a mixed-species feeding aggregation. Chelonian Conserv Biol. 11 (2): 261-265. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2744/CCB-0918a.1

Jambura PL, Türtscher J, Kriwet J, Al Mabruk SAA. 2020. Deadly interaction between a swordfish Xiphias gladius and a bigeye thresher shark Alopias superciliosus. Ichthyol Res. 68: 317-321. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10228-020-00787-x

Jonsgard A. 1959. New find of sword from swordfish (Xiphias gladius) in blue whale (Balaenoplera musculus) in Antarctic. Nor Hvalfangst-Tid. 48 (352): 355-356, 359-360.

Jonsgard A. 1962. Three finds of swords from swordfish (Xiphias gladius) in the Antarctic fin whale Baleonoptera physalus. Nor Hvalfangst-Tid. 51: 287-291.

Kotas JE, Santos S, Azevedo VG, Gallo BMG, Barata PCR. 2004. Incidental capture of loggerhead (Caretta caretta) and leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea) sea turtles by the pelagic longline fishery off southern Brazil. Fish Bull. 102: 393-399.

Lazar B, Maslov L, Romanic SH, Gracan R, Krauthacker B, Holcer D, Tvrtkovic N. 2011. Accumulation of organochlorine contaminants in loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta, from the eastern Adriatic Sea. Chemosphere. 82: 121-129. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.09.015

Lee H-J, Jong Y-J, Chang L-M, Wu W-L. 2009. Propulsion strategy analysis of high-speed swordfish. Trans Japan Soc Aero Space Sci. 52 (175): 11-20. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2322/tjsass.52.11

Lewison RL, Crowder LB. 2007. Putting longline bycatch of sea turtles into perspective. Conserv Biol. 21: 79-86. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2006.00592.x

Lewison RL, Crowder LB, Wallace BP, Moore JE, Cox T, Zydelis R, McDonald S, DiMatteo A, Dunn DC, Kot CY, et al. 2014. Global patterns of marine mammal, seabird, and sea turtle bycatch reveal taxa-specific and cumulative megafauna hotspots. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 111 (14): 5271-5276. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1318960111

Lewison RL, Freeman SA, Crowder LB. 2004. Quantifying the effects of fisheries on threatened species: the impact of pelagic longlines on loggerhead and leatherback sea turtles. Ecol Lett. 7: 221-231. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2004.00573.x

López-Mendilaharsu M, Sales G, Giffoni B, Miller P, Fiedler FN, Domingo A. 2007. Distribución y composición de tallas de las Tortugas marinas (Caretta caretta y Dermochelys coriacea) que interactúan con el palangre en el Atlántico Sur. Collect Vol Sci Pap ICCAT. 60 (6): 2094-2109.

Machida S. 1970. A sword-fish sword found from a north Pacific sei whale. Sci Rep Whales Res Inst. 22: 163-164.

Major PF. 1979. An aggressive encounter between a pod of whales and billfish. Sci Rep Whales Res Inst. 31: 95-96.

Martin K. 2014. Trinidad Day 5. Canadian Sea Turtle Network. [accessed 2022 May]. https://seaturtle.ca/blog/2014/06/13/trinidad-day-5/.

Mazzoleni RC, Schwingel PR. 2002. Aspectos da biologia das espécies capturadas por espinhel pelágico na região sul das Ilhas de Trindade e Martin Vaz no verão de 2001. No-tas Téc FACIMAR. 6: 51-57.

McGowan C. 1988. Differential development of the rostrum and mandible of the swordfish (Xiphias gladius) during ontogeny and its possible functional significance. Can J Zool. 66: 496-503.

Mendonça-Caridad JJ, Lopez PJ, Rodriguez M. 2008. Swordfish bill injury involving the pterygomaxillary fossae: surgical management and case report. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 66: 1739-1743. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joms.2007.12.016

Nakamura I. 1983. Systematics of the billfishes (Xiphiidae Andistiophoridae). Publ Seto Mar Biol Lab. 28 (5-6): 255-396. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5134/176069

Ndiaye A, Gaye M, Ba PS, Diatta S, Diop MS, Ndiaye M. 2017. Penetrating chest injuries caused by swordfish sword used as a weapon. Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann. 25 (3): 229-232. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1177/0218492317694521

[NRC] National Research Council. 1990. Decline of the sea turtles: causes and prevention. Washington DC: National Academy Press.

Oshumi S. 1973. Find of marlin spear from the Antarctic mink whales. Sci Rep Whales Res Inst. 25: 237-239.

Palko BJ, Beardsley GL, Richards WJ. 1981. Synopsis of the biology of swordfish Xiphias gladius Linnaeus. NOAA Tech Rep NMFS Circular 441, FAO Fish Synop. 127.

Penadés-Suay J, García-Salinas P, Tomás J, Aznar FJ. 2019. Aggressive interactions between juvenile swordfish and blue sharks in the western Mediterranean: a widespread phenomenon? Medit Mar Sci. 20 (2): 314-319. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.12681/mms.18102

Penadés-Suay J, Tomás J, Aznar FJ. 2017. Fatal impalement of a blue shark Prionace glauca by a swordfish Xiphias gladius. Medit Mar Sci. 18 (2): 340-343. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.12681/mms.1959

Pons M, Domingo A, Sales G, Fiedler FN, Miller P, Giffoni B, Ortiz M. 2010. Standardization of CPUE of loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) caught by pelagic longliners in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean. Aquat Living Resour. 23: 65-75. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/alr/2010001

Romeo T, Ammendolia G, Canese S, Andaloro F, Battaglia P. 2017. Recent records of swordfish attacks on harpoon vessels in the Sicilian waters (Mediterranean Sea). Acta Adriat. 58 (1): 147-156.

Romeo T, Battaglia P, Macaluso D, Tagliavia G, Vicchio TM, Falautano M, Serena F, Andaloro F. 2020. When prey becomes killer: does a double lethal attack on a blue shark reveal a precise defensive strategy in young swordfish? J Mar Biol Assoc UK. 100 (5): 831-836. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315420000661

Sagong W, Jeon W-P, Choi H. 2013. Hydrodynamic characteristics of the sailfish (Istiophorus platypterus) and swordfish (Xiphias gladius) in gliding postures at their cruise speeds. PLoS ONE. 8 (12): e81323. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0081323

Sales G, Giffoni, BB, Barata, PCR. 2008. Incidental catch of sea turtles by the Brazilian pelagic longline fishery. J Mar Biol Assoc UK. 88 (4): 853-864. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315408000441

Sales G, Giffoni BB, Barata PCR, Maurutto G. 2004. Interação de tortugas marinas com a pesca de palangre pelágico na costa brasileira - 1999-2003. Resúmenes de la II Reunión Sobre Investigación y Conservación de Tortugas Marinas del Atlántico Sur Occidental-ASO. San Clemente del Tuyú, Argentina.

Schuyler Q, Hardesty BD, Wilcox C, Townsend K. 2014. Global analysis of anthropogenic debris ingestion by sea turtles. Conserv Biol. 28: 129-139.

Scott WB, Tibbo SN. 1968. Food and feeding habits of swordfish Xiphias gladius, in the Western North Atlantic. J Fish Board Can. 25 (5): 903-919. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/f68-084

Shamblin BM, Bolten AB, Abreu-Grobois FA, Bjorndal KA, Cardona L, Carreras C, Clusa M, Monzón-Argüello C, Nairn CJ, Nielsen JT, et al. 2014. Geographic patterns of genetic variation in a broadly distributed marine vertebrate: new insights into loggerhead turtle stock structure from expanded mitochondrial DNA sequences. PLoS ONE. 9 (1): e85956.

Spotila JR, Reina RR, Steyermark AC, Plotkin PT, Paladino FV. 2000. Pacific leatherback turtles face extinction. Nature. 405: 529-530.

Sriram PR, Jien TCT, Sellamuthu P. 2017. Backstabbing swordfish: a rare cause of traumatic hemiparesis. J Neurosurg Spine. 27: 158-160. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3171/2016.12.SPINE16586

Vaske Júnior T, Lessa RP. 2005. Estratégia alimentar do espadarte (Xiphias gladius) no Atlântico Equatorial Sudoeste. Trop Oceanogr. 33 (2): 223-232. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5914/tropocean.v33i2.5064

Webb PW. 1986. Effect of body form and response threshold on the vulnerability of four species of teleost prey attacked by largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). Can J Fish Aquat Sci. 43: 763-771. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/f86-094

Weidner DM, Arocha F. 1999. South America: Atlantic, Part A, Section 2 (Segment B) in “Latin America”, World swordfish fisheries: an analysis of swordfish fisheries, market trends, and trade patterns, Vol. IV NMFS Silver Spring, Maryland/USA.

Wisner RL. 1958. Is the spear of Istiophorid fishes used in feeding? Pac Sci. 12 (1): 60-70.

Publicado

01-01-2023

Cómo citar

Fiedler, F. N. ., Sales, G., Barreto, R., Nascimento, C. J. y Giffoni, B. B. (2023) «Más allá de la pesca: empalamiento de una tortuga cabezona por el pez espada», Marine and Fishery Sciences (MAFIS), 36(1), pp. 5–16. doi: 10.47193/mafis.3612023010102.

Número

Sección

Documentos de Investigación Originales