Participación de las mujeres, desafíos y problemas encontrados en los principales mercados pesqueros durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en Davao, Filipinas

Autores/as

  • Erna S. Macusi Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Davao Oriental State University (DOrSU), Mati City, Davao Oriental, Philippines - Fisheries Catch Assessment Project, Davao Oriental State University (DOrSU), Mati City, Davao Oriental, Philippines
  • Ivy M. Nallos Fisheries Catch Assessment Project, Davao Oriental State University (DOrSU), Mati City, Davao Oriental, Philippines
  • Charlen Mae G. Canales Fisheries Catch Assessment Project, Davao Oriental State University (DOrSU), Mati City, Davao Oriental, Philippines
  • Michael Jeriel I. Bersaldo Southern Philippines Agri-Business and Marine and Aquatic School of Technology (SPAMAST), Malita Davao Occidental, Philippines
  • Edison D. Macusi Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Davao Oriental State University (DOrSU), Mati City, Davao Oriental, Philippines - Fisheries Catch Assessment Project, Davao Oriental State University (DOrSU), Mati City, Davao Oriental, Philippines

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47193/mafis.3742024010706

Palabras clave:

Región de Davao, vendedores de pescado, cuestiones de género, medios de vida, procesadores

Resumen

Las mujeres vendedoras de pescado participan activamente en el sector pesquero, pero enfrentan varios desafíos en cuanto a su capital financiero y sus oportunidades. Existe un desequilibrio de poder dentro del mercado, ya que los hombres parecen dominar y las mujeres no tienen poder ni voz para proteger sus derechos. Este estudio proporciona información valiosa sobre las percepciones y experiencias de estas mujeres en la región de Davao, al centrarse no solo en el papel de las mujeres en las pesquerías y los principales mercados pesqueros de Mindanao, Filipinas, sino también en su contribución y los desafíos que enfrentan. Hemos realizado entrevistas de campo semiestructuradas con vendedoras de pescado (n = 99) y entrevistas de seguimiento en profundidad para validar los resultados (n = 80). Entre los encuestados, 90% en Tagum, 80% en Panabo y 75% en la ciudad de Davao eran vendedores que no eran propietarias de sus puestos. A pesar de la participación activa de las mujeres en actividades comerciales de pescado, como la venta y el corretaje de pescado y la financiación en el mercado, muchas de ellas no tienen puestos de venta propios. Se encontró que las mujeres participan en el sector de comercialización de pescado porque recibieron capacitación previa de familiares involucrados en el negocio (29%), o querían un trabajo bien remunerado (19%), o era su única oportunidad económica (14%). Otro motivo fue la rentabilidad (9%), para mantener a sus familias (9%) y a sus hijos (8%). Los problemas comunes que encontraron las mujeres en el mercado de pescado incluyeron una disminución del número de clientes (40%), el agotamiento laboral debido a la combinación de sus tareas domésticas y de mercado (14%) y clientes y empleadores groseros (10%). Además, las mujeres también informaron problemas relacionados con los vendedores ambulantes (9%), los bajos precios del pescado (8%) y la falta de acceso a crédito financiero (8%). Muchas de las mujeres mantenían a sus maridos proporcionándoles ingresos adicionales a sus familias. En general, las vendedoras de pescado desempeñan un papel fundamental en la economía local de sus aldeas y familias. Esto implica que se necesita un mayor apoyo para tener acceso financiero a empresas pesqueras y que se conviertan en beneficiarias de programas de capacitación y desarrollo de medios de vida, al tiempo que ayudan a sus familias a superar la inseguridad alimentaria y la pobreza.

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Biografía del autor/a

Michael Jeriel I. Bersaldo, Southern Philippines Agri-Business and Marine and Aquatic School of Technology (SPAMAST), Malita Davao Occidental, Philippines

Edison D. Macusi, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Davao Oriental State University (DOrSU), Mati City, Davao Oriental, Philippines - Fisheries Catch Assessment Project, Davao Oriental State University (DOrSU), Mati City, Davao Oriental, Philippines

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Publicado

15-04-2024

Cómo citar

Macusi, E. S., Nallos, I. M., Canales, C. M. G., Bersaldo, M. J. I. y Macusi, E. D. (2024) «Participación de las mujeres, desafíos y problemas encontrados en los principales mercados pesqueros durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en Davao, Filipinas», Marine and Fishery Sciences (MAFIS), 37(4), pp. 593–608. doi: 10.47193/mafis.3742024010706.

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Sección

Documentos de Investigación Originales