De residuo a valor: hidrolizados proteicos de subproductos del procesamiento de la merluza argentina (Merluccius hubbsi) utilizando enzimas endógenas y Alcalasa® 2.4L
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47193/mafis.3822025010106Palabras clave:
Gestión de residuos, hidrolizado de proteínas de pescado, actividad de peptidasa, grado de hidrólisis, propiedad antioxidanteResumen
La valorización de los subproductos pesqueros es fundamental para reducir los residuos y crear productos de alto valor. Los residuos de la merluza argentina (Merluccius hubbsi) podrían potenciar sus propiedades funcionales y antioxidantes a través de la hidrólisis, liberando péptidos con propiedades bioactivas. Los hidrolizados proteicos de merluza argentina tienen un gran potencial como ingredientes funcionales debido a sus propiedades bioactivas, pero optimizar los procesos de hidrólisis es esencial para mejorar el rendimiento y las características biofuncionales, como la actividad antioxidante. Se obtuvieron hidrolizados proteicos de merluza argentina mediante autólisis (Aut) y hidrólisis enzimática utilizando AlcalasaÒ 2.4 L a concentraciones de 0,24% y 2% (v/v) (Alc-0.24 y Alc-2), respectivamente, durante 150 min. Se evaluó la actividad de peptidasas alcalinas, el grado de hidrólisis y la actividad antioxidante utilizando ensayos de inhibición del radical 2,2-difenil-1-picrilhidrazilo (DPPH) y 2,2’-azino-bis (ácido 3-etilbenzotiazolina-6-sulfónico) ABTS·+. Todos los hidrolizados mantuvieron actividad de peptidasas alcalinas a lo largo del proceso. Los hidrolizados tratados con Alcalasa® 2.4L mostraron una actividad de peptidasas e un grado de hidrólisis significativamente mayores en comparación con Aut. A los 60 min, Alc-0.24 alcanzó niveles de actividad de peptidasas similares a los de Alc-2, y a los 30 min, ambos presentaron grados de hidrólisis comparables. La actividad de captura de ABTS·+ aumentó con el tiempo para Alc-0.24, siendo ambas concentraciones de Alcalasa® 2.4 L superiores a la autólisis. No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre Alc-0.24 y Alc-2. Aunque todos los hidrolizados mostraron actividad de captura de DPPH, no se detectaron diferencias significativas entre tratamientos o tiempos de reacción. Estos hallazgos destacan el potencial para producir hidrolizados proteicos de valor agregado a partir de residuos de merluza argentina.
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Clara Liebana, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMdP), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), CC 1260, Mar del Plata, Argentina
Nair de los Ángeles Pereira, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMdP), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), CC 1260, Mar del Plata, Argentina
Analia Fernández-Gimenez, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMdP), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), CC 1260, Mar del Plata, Argentina
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