Population assessment of Micropogonias furnieri on the coast of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, using a length-based analysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47193/mafis.3832025010709Keywords:
Whitemouth croaker, size composition, fish growth, mortality, life-history, fisheries managementAbstract
Size structure was used as a proxy to describe the population dynamics of Micropogonias furnieri in a marine conservation unit in the southwest Atlantic Ocean. Length-based population assessment revealed the following estimates: asymptotic length (L¥) = 65.86 cm, growth coefficient (K) = 0.11 year-1, theoretical age of the fish (t0) = -0.99, natural mortality (M) = 0.30 year-1, instantaneous mortality (Z) = 0.35 year-1, fishing mortality (F) = 0.05 year-1, and exploitation rate (Ecur) = 0.14. The maximum (Emax) and optimum (E50%) exploitation rates were 0.61 and 0.31, respectively. Both raw data and corrected probability of capture indicated recruitment from April to June. Individuals between 20.00-44.00 cm in total length (TL) dominated the entire population. The length-based spawning potential ratio assessment model indicated that M. furnieri becomes vulnerable at average sizes of 50% selectivity (LS50) = 21.38 cm and 95% selectivity (LS95) = 31.62 cm, which is between the transition from the juvenile to the adult, and the length was similar to that of the first sexual maturity. Fishing pressure, estimated as F/M = 0.29 through the spawning potential ratio (SPR) model, and SPR values ranging between 44-68%, suggest that this portion of the M. furnieri population has been exploited within a safe range, considering the 50% limit of its reproductive potential. In line with this, the evaluated length structure showed similarities with regional studies, and also reflected the unique RESEXMAR-Itaipu reference points, i.e. F < M and Ecur < E50% (the exploitation rate at which 50% of the spawning biomass is reduced). Our results suggest that length-based analysis may be a useful tool for assessing data-poor fisheries because it enables the inclusion of several years of length-frequency data and multiple gears with minimal prerequisites. Additionally, it provides an opportunity to estimate other life-history parameters used in stock assessments.
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