Abundancia relativa y uso de elasmobranquios en la pesca artesanal de las Antillas Menores
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47193/mafis.3812025010103Palabras clave:
Guadalupe, Martinica, Tobago, Caribe, BRUVS, encuestasResumen
Las poblaciones de tiburones y rayas continúan disminuyendo en muchas regiones del mundo. La contribución de la pesca artesanal a esta disminución sigue siendo poco conocida en muchos lugares. Se empleó un marco de evaluación rápida que utiliza muestreo independiente de las pesquerías y entrevistas a pescadores para estudiar la presencia y el uso de elasmobranquios en las pesquerías artesanales costeras de Guadalupe, Martinica y Tobago. Se realizaron entrevistas personalmente (n = 405) entre junio de 2015 y junio de 2017, y desplegamos estaciones remotas de video submarino con cebo (BRUVS) (n = 50 lanzamientos de video/arrecife) en nueve arrecifes de las islas. El destino de las capturas de elasmobranquios de los pescadores artesanales varió según la Isla. Martinica informó la mayor proporción de pescadores que conservan sus capturas para el sustento (es decir, pesca de subsistencia) de todas las islas. En Guadalupe, los pescadores principalmente vendieron sus capturas, y los pescadores de Tobago se dedicaron tanto a la pesca de subsistencia como a la venta. También encontramos que los pescadores retuvieron casi todos los ejemplares capturados y reportaron capturas reducidas de elasmobranquios en comparación a cuando comenzaron a pescar. BRUVS reveló una presencia de elasmobranquios relativamente baja y un índice de diversidad de Shannon bajo en comparación con las naciones del Caribe con menos presión pesquera sobre los elasmobranquios. El presente estudio destaca la necesidad de mejorar los datos y el seguimiento de las capturas artesanales.
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Camila Cáceres, Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Environment, Florida International University (FIU), 11200 SW 8th Street, OE 167, Miami, USA
Philip Matich, Saving the Blue, Cooper City, USA
Michael Heithaus, Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Environment, Florida International University (FIU), 11200 SW 8th Street, OE 167, Miami, USA
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Derechos de autor 2025 Camila Cáceres, Lauren Ali, Oceane Beaufort, Welldon Mapp, Aljoscha Wothke, Bethan Roberts, Philip Matich, Michael Heithaus
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