Recruitment of the Argentine hake, Merluccius hubbsi, from Patagonian stock: a review of main features affecting the reproductive potential and survival during early life stages
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47193/mafis.3632023010901Keywords:
Southwest Atlantic Ocean, maternal effect, north Patagonian Frontal System, larval survivalAbstract
Understanding the causes that generate variability of recruitment in marine populations constitutes one of the greatest challenges in fishery science. Our predictive capacity to explain these variations is relatively low, due to the interaction of exogenous and endogenous factors, which vary across time and space within populations. In order to gain information on recruitment fluctuations of the Argentine hake (Merluccius hubbsi) from Patagonian stock, we reviewed the results obtained analyzing the reproductive ecology, trophic and energetic dynamics during different stages of development of this species, and its relationship with environmental variables. We observed that the reproductive potential is strongly influenced by characteristics of the parental stock, particularly females, in terms of their size, age and condition. This feature, called ‘maternal effect’, suggests that the spawning stock biomass, commonly used as an index of productivity in fishery assessment, is a poor predictor of recruitment. We also observed that survival during hake early life is affected by the spatial coincidence with the North Patagonian Frontal System, characterized by a high concentration of nutrients, high productivity, and food availability. Physical conditions and larval density in the nursery area affected the nutritional state and mortality of hake, mainly by competition for food or predation. It was observed that the transition of juveniles from pelagic to demersal habitat occurs over a longer period than previously recognized for this species, stressing the importance of using acoustic information to complement data from bottom trawls. This is one of the main topics to be further developed in order to estimate new recruitment indices for Argentine hake, along with other research items proposed to improve stock assessment.
Downloads
Metrics
Author Biographies
Gustavo J. Macchi, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), Rodríguez Peña 4002, B7602GSD - Mar del Plata, Argentina - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero (INIDEP), Paseo Victoria Ocampo Nº 1, B7602HSA - Mar del Plata, Argentina
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1821-5491Gustavo Álvarez Colombo, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero (INIDEP), Paseo Victoria Ocampo Nº 1, B7602HSA - Mar del Plata, Argentina
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1683-6307Mauro Belleggia, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), Rodríguez Peña 4002, B7602GSD - Mar del Plata, Argentina - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero (INIDEP), Paseo Victoria Ocampo Nº 1, B7602HSA - Mar del Plata, Argentina
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1584-4743Marina V. Diaz, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), Rodríguez Peña 4002, B7602GSD - Mar del Plata, Argentina - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero (INIDEP), Paseo Victoria Ocampo Nº 1, B7602HSA - Mar del Plata, Argentina
Martín Ehrlich, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero (INIDEP), Paseo Victoria Ocampo Nº 1, B7602HSA - Mar del Plata, Argentina
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9129-6270Agustin Schiariti, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), Rodríguez Peña 4002, B7602GSD - Mar del Plata, Argentina - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero (INIDEP), Paseo Victoria Ocampo Nº 1, B7602HSA - Mar del Plata, Argentina
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9262-1829Brenda Temperoni, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), Rodríguez Peña 4002, B7602GSD - Mar del Plata, Argentina - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero (INIDEP), Paseo Victoria Ocampo Nº 1, B7602HSA - Mar del Plata, Argentina
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1580-221XReferences
Acha EM, Piola A, Iribarne O, Mianzan H. 2015. Ecological Processes at Marine Fronts. Oases in the Ocean. London: Springer. 73 p.
Álvarez P, Cotano U. 2005. Growth, mortality and hatch-date distributions of European hake larvae Merluccius merluccius (L.), in the Bay of Biscay. Fish Res. 76: 379-391.
Álvarez Colombo G. 2021. Distribución y abundancia de juveniles pelágicos de merluza en el stock sur durante el invierno de 2016. Inf Invest INIDEP Nº 34/2021.
Álvarez Colombo G, Dato C, Macchi, GJ, Palma E, Machinandiarena L, Christiansen HE, Betti P, Martos P, Castro-Machado F, Brown D, et al. 2011. Distribution and behavior of the Argentine hake larvae: evidences of a biophysical mechanism for self-recruitment at the North Patagonian shelf Waters. Cienc Mar. 37: 633-657.
Álvarez Colombo G, Leonarduzzi E, Cadaveira M, Castro Machado F, Menna B, Fenco H, Cubiella A, Derisio C, Temperoni B, Giberto D, et al. 2021. Evaluación de prerreclutas del Efectivo Patagónico de merluza. Junio de 2021. Inf Camp INIDEP Nº 19/2021.
Álvarez Colombo G, Madirolas A, Hernández D, Castro Machado F, Macchi GJ. 2006. Monitoreo del stock reproductivo de la merluza común Merluccius hubbsi en el área norpatagónica: un análisis comparativo entre las evaluaciones acústica y por área barrida. Inf Téc INIDEP Nº 41/2006. 21 p.
Álvarez Colombo GR, Dato CV, Machinandiarena L, Castro Machado F, Betti P. 2014. Daylight vertical segregation of young‐of‐the‐year Argentine hake Merluccius hubbsi: advances in assessment of juvenile abundance with acoustic methods. Fish Res. 160: 85-95. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2014.03.014
Angelescu V, Gneri FS. 1958. La merluza del Mar Argentino (Biología y Taxonomía). Servicio de Hidrografía Naval H 1004. 224 p.
Angelescu V, Cousseau MB. 1969. Alimentación de la merluza en la región del talud continental argentino, época invernal (Merluccidae Merluccius hubbsi). Bol Inst Biol Mar (Mar del Plata). Nº 19. 91 p.
Arneri E, Morales-Nin B. 2000. Aspects of the early life history of European hake from the central Adriatic. J Fish Biol. 56: 1368-1380.
Auster PJ, Malatesta RJ, Donaldson CL. 1997. Distributional responses to small-scale habitat variability by early juvenile silver hake, Merluccius bilinearis. Environ Biol Fish. 50: 195-200.
Bailey KM. 1982. The early life history of the pacific hake, Merluccius productus. Fish Bull. 80: 589-598.
Bailey KM, Houde ED. 1989. Predation on eggs and larvae of marine fishes and the recruit problem. Adv Mar Biol. 25: 1-83.
Bakun A. 1996. Patterns in the ocean: ocean processes and marine population dynamics. San Diego: University of California Sea Grant Program, La Paz: Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste. 323 p.
Belleggia M, Álvarez Colombo GL, Santos B, Castelletta M, Mattera B. 2022b. Who let the YOY up? The pelagic habitat as a nursery and feeding ground area for the young-of-the-year (YOY) Argentine hake, Merluccius hubbsi Marini, 1933. J Fish Biol. 100: 378-389.
Belleggia M, Alves NM, Leyton MM, Álvarez-Colombo G, Temperoni B, Giberto D, Bremec C. 2019. Are hakes truly opportunistic feeders? A case of prey selection by the Argentine hake Merluccius hubbsi off southwestern Atlantic. Fish Res. 214: 166-174.
Belleggia M, Alves NM, Leyton MM, Álvarez-Colombo G, Temperoni B, Santos B. 2022a. Avances en el conocimiento de la ecología trófica y la estrategia alimentaria de la merluza común Merluccius hubbsi en el stock patagónico. XI Jornadas Nacionales de Ciencias del Mar, 28 de marzo-1 de abril 2022, Comodoro Rivadavia, Argentina.
Belleggia M, Figueroa DE, Irusta G, Bremec C. 2014. Spatio-temporal and ontogenetic changes on the diet of the Argentine hake Merluccius hubbsi (Marini, 1933). J Mar Biol Assoc UK. 94: 1701-1710.
Belleggia M, Giberto D, Bremec C. 2017. Adaptation of diet in a changed environment: Increased consumption of the lobster krill Munida gregaria (Fabricius, 1793) by argentine hake. Mar Ecol. 38: e12445.
Berkeley SA, Chapman C, Sogard SM. 2004. Maternal age as a determinant of larval growth and survival in a marine fish, Sebastes melanops. Ecology. 85: 1258-1264.
Betti P, Álvarez Colombo G, Leonarduzzi E, Ehrlich M, Bertelo M, Suárez J, Vega A, Radonic M, Diaz M, Desiderio J. 2013. Experiencia de fertilización artificial de merluza, Merluccius hubbsi, a bordo del Bip Dr. Eduardo Holmberg en enero 2013. Inf Téc INIDEP Nº 52/2013. 8 p.
Betti P, Brown D, Temperoni B, Machinandiarena L, Ehrlich M. 2014. Larval growth of hake (Merluccius hubbsi) in the Patagonian shelf: analysis of two reproductive seasons. Fish Res. 160: 69-76.
Betti P, Machinandiarena L, Ehrlich M. 2009. Larval development of hake (Merluccius hubbsi). J Fish Biol. 74: 235-249.
Beverton RJ, Holt SJ. 1957. On the dynamics of exploited fish populations. Fish Inv. Series 2, Sea Fisheries. 19: 1-533.
Botto F, Gaitán E, Iribarne OO, Acha EM. 2019. Trophic niche changes during settlement in the Argentine hake Merluccius hubbsi reveal the importance of pelagic food postmetamorphosis. Mar Ecol Prog Ser. 619: 125-136.
Brooks S, Tyler CR, Sumpter JP. 1997. Egg quality in fish: what makes a good egg? Rev Fish Biol. 7 (4): 387-416.
Brown D, Betti P, Cadaveira ML, Machinandiarena L, Ehrlich MD. 2013. Mortalidad de larvas de Merluccius hubbsi en el área de cría norpatagónica en enero de 2010. Inf Invest. INIDEP Nº 33/2013. 7 p.
Brown D, Betti P, Machinandiarena L, Ehrlich MD. 2009. Crecimiento y mortalidad larval de Merluccius hubbsi en el litoral norpatagónico. Período diciembre de 2004-febrero de 2005. Inf Invest INIDEP Nº 33/2009. 13 p.
Brown DR, Leonarduzzi E, Machinandiarena L. 2004. Age, growth and mortality of hake larvae (Merluccius hubbsi) in the Patagonian shelf. Sci Mar. 68 (2): 273-283.
Butler JL, Nishimoto RN. 1997. Growth and cohort dynamics of larval Pacific Hake (Merluccius productus). CalCOFI Rep. 38: 63-68.
Buratti CC, Santos BA. 2010. Otolith microstructure and pelagic larval duration in two stocks of the Argentine hake, Merluccius hubbsi. Fish Res. 106: 2-7.
Campana SE. 1984. Microstructural growth patterns in the otholits of larval and juvenile starry flounder, Platichthys stellatus. Can J Zool. 62: 1507-1512.
Campana SE. 1996. Year-class strength and growth rate in young Atlantic cod Gadus morhua. Mar Ecol Prog Ser. 135: 21-26.
Carreto JI, Negri RH, Benavides HR, Akselman R. 1985.Toxic dinoflagellates blooms in the Argentine Sea. In: Anderson DM, White AW, Baden, DG, editors. Toxic dinoflagellates, New York: Eslevier. p. 147-152.
Castrucci R, Aubone A, Pérez M, Renzi M. 2003. Índice de abundancia del grupo de merluza de edad 2 en el área de cría patagónica. Período 1995-1998. Inf Téc Int DNI-INIDEP Nº 51/2003. 38 p.
Cepeda G, Temperoni B, Derisio C. 2019. Variabilidad interanual estival de la comunidad zooplanctónica entre (43-45°S) durante el período 2009-2018: implicancias para larvas de Merluccius hubbsi y Engraulis anchoita. Inf Invest INIDEP Nº 94/2019. 16 p.
Chícharo MA, Chícharo L. 2008. RNA: DNA ratio and other nucleic acid derived indices in marine ecology. Int J Mol Sci. 9: 1453-1471.
Christiansen HE, Cousseau MB. 1971. La reproducción de la merluza en el Mar Argentino (Merlucciidae, Merluccius merluccius hubbsi). Bol Inst Biol Mar (Mar del Plata). Nº 20. 75 p.
Ciechomski, JD, Sánchez RP, Lasta CA, Ehrlich MD. 1983. Distribución de huevos y larvas de anchoíta (Engraulis anchoita) y de merluza (Merluccius hubbsi), evaluación de sus efectivos desovantes y análisis de los métodos empleados. Contrib Inst Nac Invest Desarr Pesq (Mar del Plata). Nº 432: 3-37.
Ciechomski JD, Weiss G. 1974. Características del desarrollo embrionario y larval de las merluzas Merluccius merluccius hubbsi y Merluccius polylepis. Physis 33: 527-536.
Claramunt G, Serra R, Castro L, Cubillos L. 2007. Is the spawning frequency dependent on female size? Empirical evidence in Sardinops sagax and Engraulis ringens off northern Chile. Fish Res. 85: 248-257.
Cohen S, Díaz AO, Diaz MV. 2020. Morphological and biochemical approaches to assess the nutritional condition of Merluccius hubbsi larvae from two different nursery areas. J Fish Biol. 98: 132-141.
Derisio C. 2012. El rol del frente de mareas de Península Valdés en el control de la comunidad zooplanctónica [tesis doctoral]. Mar del Plata: Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. 134 p.
Derisio C. 2020. Composición, distribución y abundancia del meso y en el área de cría de larvas y juveniles de merluza del efectivo sur (verano 2018). Inf Invest INIDEP Nº 98/2020. 12 p.
Derisio C. 2021. Composición, distribución y abundancia del meso y macrozooplancton en el área de cría de larvas y juveniles de la merluza (Merluccius hubbsi) del efectivo sur durante enero de 2021. Inf Invest INIDEP Nº 94/2021. 9 p.
Derisio C, Alemany D, Acha EM, Mianzan H. 2014. Influence of a tidal front on zooplankton abundance, assemblages and life histories in Península Valdés, Argentina. J Mar Sys. 139: 475-482. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2014.08.019
Derisio C, Cepeda G, Temperoni B. 2021. Composición, distribución y abundancia de la comunidad zooplanctonica en el sistema frontal norpatagónico (primavera 2018). Inf Invest INIDEP Nº 16/2021. 24 p.
Derisio C, Martos P. 2018. Distribución y abundancia de la comunidad zooplanctónica en relación a las características oceanográficas en la zona de cría de larvas y juveniles de la merluza del efectivo sur (verano 2011-2014). Inf Invest. INIDEP Nº 139/2018. 22 p.
Diaz MV, Do Souto M, Betti P, Temperoni B, Schiariti A, Machinandiarena L, Brown DR, Macchi GJ. 2020. Evaluating the role of endogenous and exogenous features on larval hake nutritional condition. Fish Oceanogr. 29 (6): 584-596. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/fog.12497
Diaz MV, Leonarduzzi E, Betti P. 2015. Efecto de la congelación sobre la longitud de larvas de merluza Merluccius hubbsi. Rev Invest Desarr Pesq. 26: 97-103.
Diaz MV, Macchi GJ. 2014a. Estudio de la condición nutricional de larvas de merluza. Comparación de indicadores morfométricos e índice ARN/ADN. Inf Invest. INIDEP Nº 9/2014. 14 p.
Diaz MV, Olivar MP, Macchi GJ. 2014b. Larval condition of Merluccius hubbsi (Marini, 1933) in the northern Patagonian spawning ground. Fish Res. 160: 60-68. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2013.11.009
Di Mauro R, Castillo S, Pérez A, Iachetti CM, Silva L, Tomba JP, Chiesa IL. 2022. Anthropogenic microfibers are highly abundant at the Burdwood Bank seamount, a protected sub-Antarctic environment in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean. Environ Pollut. 306: 119364. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119364
Domínguez-Petit R, García-Fernandez C, Leonarduzzi E, Rodrigues K, Macchi GJ. 2022. Parental effects and reproductive potential of fish and marine invertebrates: cross-generational impact of environmental experiences. Fishes. 7 (4): 188. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes7040188
Domínguez-Petit R, Saborido-Rey F. 2010. New bioenergetic perspective of European hake (Merluccius merluccius L.) reproductive ecology. Fish Res. 104: 83-88.
Elisio M, Rodrigues K, Leonarduzzi E, Somoza G, Macchi GJ. 2021. Avances en eco-fisiología reproductiva de la merluza (Merluccius hubbsi). Influencia del ambiente sobre la ovulación y formación de agregaciones reproductivas. V Simposio Iberoamericano de Ecología Reproductiva Reclutamiento y Pesquerías, Santa Marta (Colombia), 11-15 de octubre 2021.
Ehrlich M, Cadaveira ML, Leonarduzzi E, Betti P, Machinandiarena L. 2019. Distribución y abundancia de huevos y larvas de merluza (Merluccius hubbsi) en el litoral norpatagónico. Enero 2009-2018. Inf Invest INIDEP Nº 82/2019. 25 p.
Ehrlich MD. 1998. Los primeros estadios de vida de la merluza Merluccius hubbsi Marini 1933, como aporte al conocimiento de su reclutamiento y estructura poblacional [tesis doctoral]. Buenos Aires: Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires. 318 p.
Evans RP, Parrish C, Brown J, Davis P. 1996. Biochemical composition of eggs from repeat and first-time spawning captive Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus). Aquaculture 139: 139-149.
Fernández Aráoz NC. 1994. Estudios sobre la biomasa de Copepoda (Crustacea) con especial énfasis en Calanoida del Atlántico Sudoccidental [tesis doctoral]. Mar del Plata: Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. 202 p.
Ferron A, Leggett WC. 1994. An appraisal of condition measures fish larvae. Adv Mar Biol. 30: 217-303.
Fleischer GW, Cooke KD, Ressler PH, Thomas RE, de Blois SK, Hufnagle LC, Kronlund AR, Holmes JA, Wilson CD. 2005. The 2003 integrated acoustic and trawl survey of Pacific hake, Merluccius productus, in U.S. and Canadian waters off the Pacific coast. NOAA Tech Memo NMFS-NWFSC. 65. 45 p.
Gagliardini D, Amoroso R, Dell’ Arciprete P, Yorio P, Orensanz J. 2004. Detection of small-scale coastal oceanographic processes through landsat-TM/ETM+ Images: Implications for the study of biological processes along the Patagonian coasts of Argentina. Gayana. 68 (2 Suppl TIProc): 194-200. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0717-65382004000200035
García de la Rosa SB, Sánchez F. 1997. Alimentación de Squalus acanthias y predación sobre merluza Merluccius hubbsi en el Mar Argentino entre 34° 47’-47° S. Rev Invest Desarr Pesq. 11: 119-133.
Giberto DA, Romero MV, Escolar M, Machinandiarena L, Bremec CS. 2015. Diversidad de las comunidades bentónicas en las regiones de reclutamiento de la merluza común Merluccius hubbsi Marini, 1933. Rev Invest Desarr Pesq. 27: 5-25.
Giberto DA, Romero MV, Souto V, Escolar M, Bremec CS, Machinandiarena L. 2014. Fauna bentónica asociada a prerreclutas de merluza en la zona Común de Pesca Argentino-Uruguaya y en la plataforma patagónica entre 44° y 47° S. Inf Invest INIDEP Nº 49/2014. 18 p.
Giménez EM, Winkler G, Hoffmeyer M, Ferreyra GA. 2018. Composition, spatial distribution, and trophic structure of the zooplankton community in San Jorge Gulf, southwestern Atlantic Ocean. Oceanography. 31 (4): 154-163.
Godø OR, Wespestad VG. 1993. Monitoring changes in abundance of gadoids with varying availability to trawl and acoustic survey. ICES J Mar Sci. 50: 39-51.
Grote B, Ekau W, Stenevik EK, Clemmesen CM, Verheye HM, Lipinski MR, Hagen W. 2012. Characteristics of survivors: growth and nutritional condition of early stages of the hake species Merluccius paradoxus and M. capensis in the southern Benguela ecosystem. ICES J Mar Sci. 69: 553-562.
Guttormsen MA, Wilson CD, Cooke K, Saunders MW, McKelvey DR, Kieser R. 2003. Echo integration-trawl survey of Pacific hake, Merluccius productus, off the Pacific coast of the United States and Canada during June-12 August 2001. AFSC Processed Report 2003-12. Seattle: Alaska Fisheries Science Center, NMFS, NOAA, US Department of Commerce. 81 p.
Hinckley S. 1990. Variation of egg size of walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma with a preliminary examination of the effect of egg size on larval size. Fish Bull. 88: 471-483.
Hjellvik V, Michalsen K, Aglen A, Nakken O. 2003. An attempt at estimating the effective fishing height of the bottom trawl using acoustic survey recordings. ICES J Mar Sci. 60: 967-979.
Hjort J. 1914. Fluctuations in the great fisheries of northern Europe viewed in the light of biological research. Rapp Pv Reun Cons int Explor Mer. 20. 228 p.
Hollowed AB. 1992. Spatial and temporal distributions of Pacific hake, Merluccius productus, larvae and estimates of survival during early life stages. CalCOFI Rep. 33: 100-123.
Houde ED. 1987. Fish early life dynamics and recruitment variability. Am Fish Soc Symp. 2: 17-29.
Houde ED. 2002. Mortality. In: Fiuman LA, Werner RG, editors. Fisheries science. The unique contribution of early life stages. Blackwell Science Ltd. USA. p. 64-87.
Houde ED. 2008. Emerging from Hjort’ Shadow. J Northw Atl Sci. 41: 53-70.
Houde ED. 2009. Recruitment variability. In: Jakobsen T, Fogarty MJ, Megrey BA, Moksness E, editors. Fish reproductive biology. Implications for assessment and management. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell. p. 91-171.
Hunter JR, Goldberg SR. 1980. Spawning incidence and batch fecundity in northern anchovy, Engraulis mordax. Fish Bull. 77: 641-652.
Hunter JR, Macewicz BJ, Lo NCH, Kimbrell CA. 1992. Fecundity, spawning, and maturity of female Dover sole Microstomus pacificus, with an evaluation of assumptions and precision. Fish Bull. 90: 101-128.
Irusta G, Di Marco E, Wöhler O. 2022. Evaluación de la abundancia del Efectivo Norte de 41° S de la merluza (Merluccius hubbsi). Estimación de la captura biológicamente aceptable para el año 2023. Inf Téc INIDEP Nº 54/2022. 36 p.
Irusta G, Macchi G, Louge E, Rodrigues K, D’Atri L, Villarino F, Santos B, Simonazzi M. 2016. Biology and fishery of the Argentine hake (Merluccius hubbsi). Rev Invest Desarr Pesq. 28: 9-36.
Jakobsen T, Fogarty M, Megrey B, Moksness E. 2009. Fish reproductive biology. Implications for assessment and management. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell. 424 p.
Jaspers C, Titelman J, Hansson LJ, Haraldsoon M, Ditlefsen CR. 2011. The invasive ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi poses no direct threat to Baltic cod eggs and larvae. Limnol Oceanogr. 56 (2): 431-439.
Jeffrey A, Taggart CT. 2000. Growth variation and water mass associations of larval silver hake (Merluccius bilinearis) on the Scotian Shelf. Can J Fish Aquat Sci. 57: 1728-1738.
Jónasdóttir SH. 2019. Fatty Acid Profiles and Production in Marine Phytoplankton. Mar Drugs. 17 (3): 1-20.
Jones CM. 1992. Development and application of the otolith increment technique. In: Stevenson DK, Campana SE, editors. Otolith microstructure examination and analysis. Can Spec Publ Fish Aquat Sci. 117: 1-11.
Lago L. 2022. Variabilidad de la circulación oceánica y forzantes asociados en la Plataforma Continental Patagónica a partir de datos in-situ y satelitales [tesis doctoral]. Buenos Aires: Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires. 158 p.
Lambert Y, Yaragina NA, Kraus G, Marteinsdottir G, Wright P. 2003.Using environmental and biological indices as proxies for egg and larval production of marine fishes. J Northw Atl Fish Sci. 33: 115-159.
Largier JL. 1993. Estuarine fronts: how important are they? Estuaries. 16: 1-11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1352760
Legget WC, Deblois E. 1994. Recruitment in marine fishes: is it regulated by starvation and predation in the egg and larval stages? J Sea Res. 32: 119-134.
Leonarduzzi E. 2018. Bioenergética y condición nutricional de la merluza común, Merluccius hubbsi, del Efectivo Patagónico y sus implicancias en el potencial reproductivo de la especie [tesis doctoral]. Mar del Plata: Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. 146 p.
Lowerre-Barbieri S, De Celles G, Pepin P, Catalán IA, Muhling B, Erisman B, Cadrin SX, Alós J, Ospina-Alvarez A, Stachura MM, et al. 2016. Reproductive resilience: a paradigm shift in understanding spawner-recruit systems in exploited marine fish. Fish Fish. 18: 285-312. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.12180
Lowerre-Barbieri SK, Ganias K, Saborido-Rey F, Murua H, Hunter JR. 2011. Reproductive timing in marine fishes: variability, temporal scales, and methods. Mar Coast Fish. 3: 71-91.
Lowerre-Barbieri SK, Henderson N, Llopiz J, Walters S, Bickford J, Muller R. 2009. Defining a spawning population (Cynoscion nebulosus) over temporal, spatial, and demographic scales. Mar Ecol Prog Ser. 394: 231-245.
Mace PM, Sissenwine MP. 1993. How much spawning per recruit is enough? In: Smith SJ, Hunt JJ, Rivard D, editors. Risk evaluation and biological reference points for fisheries management. Can Spec Publ Fish Aquat Sci. 120. p. 101-118.
Macchi GJ, Diaz MV, Leonarduzzi E, Ehrlich M, Machinandiarena L, Cadaveira M, Militelli MI. 2021. Temperature, maternal effects and density-dependent processes during early life stages of the Argentine hake as relevant recruitment drivers. Fish Res. 238. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2021.105898
Macchi GJ, Diaz MV, Leonarduzzi E, Militelli MI, Rodrigues K. 2016. Skipped spawning in the Patagonian stock of the Argentine hake (Merluccius hubbsi). Fish Bull. 114: 397-408. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7755/FB.114.4.3
Macchi GJ, Leonarduzzi E. 2022. Influencia de las variables maternales en la calidad ovocitaria del stock Patagónico de merluza común (Merluccius hubbsi) durante el pico reproductivo de 2021. Inf Invest. INIDEP Nº 44/2022. 11 p.
Macchi GJ, Leonarduzzi E, Diaz MV, Renzi M, Rodrigues K. 2013. Maternal effects on the fecundity and egg quality of the Patagonian stock of the Argentine hake (Merluccius hubbsi). Fish Bull. 111: 325-336. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7755/FB.111.4.3
Macchi GJ, Martos P, Reta R, Dato C. 2010. Offshore spawning of the Argentine hake (Merluccius hubbsi) Patagonian stock. Pan Am J Aquat Sci. 5: 22-35.
Macchi GJ, Pájaro M, Dato C. 2007. Spatial variations of the Argentine hake (Merluccius hubbsi) spawning shoals in the Patagonian area during a reproductive season. Rev Biol Mar Oceanogr. 42: 345-356.
Macchi GJ, Pájaro M, Ehrlich M. 2004. Seasonal egg production pattern of the Patagonian stock of the Argentine hake (Merluccius hubbsi). Fish Res. 67: 25-38. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2003.08.006
Macchi GJ, Pájaro M, Madirolas A. 2005. Can a change in the spawning pattern of the Argentine hake (Merluccius hubbsi) affect its recruitment? Fish Bull. 103: 445-452.
Macchi GJ, Pájaro M, Militelli MI, Radovani N, Rivas L. 2006. Influence of size, age and maternal condition on the oocyte dry weight of the Argentine hake (Merluccius hubbsi). Fish Res. 80: 345-349. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2006.03.001
Macchi GJ, Rodrigues K, Diaz MV, Militelli MI. 2017. Effects of skipped spawning in the reproductive potential of the Argentine hake (Merluccius hubbsi). Fish Bull. 115: 396-407. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7755/FB.115.3.9
Macchi GJ, Rodrigues K, Leonarduzzi E, Diaz MV. 2018. Is the spawning frequency of the Argentine hake, Merluccius hubbsi, affected by maternal attributes or physical variables? Fish Res. 204: 147-155. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2018.02.011
Machinandiarena L, Brown DR, Ehrlich MD, Pájaro M, Dorado J, Teso V. 2006. Distribución de huevos, larvas y prerreclutas de merluza (Merluccius hubbsi) en la Zona Común de Pesca Argentino-Uruguaya. Rev Invest Desarr Pesq. 18: 21-32.
Machinandiarena L, Ehrlich MD, Brown D, Leonarduzzi E, Betti P, Braverman M, Gambino N. 2004b. Distribución y Abundancia de huevos y larvas de merluza (Merluccius hubbsi) en el litoral norpatagónico. Período estival 2004. Inf Téc INIDEP Nº 69/2004. 13 p.
Machinandiarena L, Ehrlich MD, Brown D, Pájaro M, Leonarduzzi E. 2004a. Distribución y Abundancia de huevos y larvas de merluza (Merluccius hubbsi) en el litoral norpatagónico. Diciembre 2000-marzo-abril 2001. Inf Téc Int DNI-INIDEP Nº 29/2004. 16 p.
[MAGyP] Ministerio de Economía. Agricultura, Ganadería y Pesca. 2022. [accessed 2023 Mar]. https://www.argentina.gob.ar/agricultura.
Mann KH, Lazier JRN. 1996. Dynamics of marine ecosystems. Biological-physical interactions in the Oceans. Cambridge: Blackwell Science. 394 p.
Marrari M, Macchi GJ, Santos B, Leonarduzzi E. 2019. Influence of environmental conditions on the reproductive success and recruitment of the Argentine hake Merluccius hubbsi (southwestern Atlantic Ocean). Fish Oceanog. 28: 66-81. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/fog.12387
Marrari M, Signorini S, McClain CR, Pájaro M, Martos P, Viñas MD, Hansen J, DiMauro R, Cepeda G, Buratti C. 2013. Reproductive success of the Argentine anchovy, Engraulis anchoita, in relation to environmental variability at a mid-shelf front (Southwestern Atlantic Ocean). Fish Oceanog. 22: 247-261.
Marshall CT, Kjesbu OS, Yagarina N, Solemdal P, Ulltang O. 1998. Is spawner biomass a sensitive measure of the reproductive and recruitment potential of Northeast Artic cod? Can J Fish Aquat Sci. 55 (7): 1766-1783.
Marshall CT, O’Brien L, Tomkiewicz J, Köster F, Kraus G, Marteinsdottir G, Morgan M, Saborido-Rey F, Blanchard J, Secor D, Wright P, Mukhina N, Björnsson H. 2003. Developing alternative indices of reproductive potential for use in fisheries management: case studies for stocks spanning an information gradient. J North Atl Fish Sci. 33: 161-190.
Marshall CT, Yagarina N, Lambert Y, Kjesbu OS. 1999. Total lipid energy as a proxy for total egg production by fish stocks. Nature. 402: 288-290.
Marteinsdottir G, Steinarsson A. 1998. Maternal influence on the size and viability of Iceland cod Gadus morhua eggs and larvae. J Fish Biol. 52 (6): 1241-1258.
Marteinsdottir G, Begg G. 2002. Essential relationships incorporating the influence of age, size and condition on variables required for estimation of reproductive potential in Atlantic cod Gadus morhua. Mar Ecol Prog Ser. 235: 235-256.
Martos P, Sánchez R. 1997. Caracterización oceanográfica de regiones frontales en la plataforma patagónica en relación con áreas de desove y cría de la anchoíta (Engraulis anchoita). 10º Coloquio Argentino de Oceanografía, 4-5 septiembre 1997, IADO-CONICET, Bahía Blanca.
Mehault S, Dominguez-Petit R, Cerviño S, Saborido-Rey F. 2010. Variability in total egg production and implications for management of the southern stock of European hake. Fish Res. 104: 111-122.
Menna BV, Derisio CM, Temperoni B, Castro-Machado F, Cabreira AG, Álvarez Colombo GL. 2022. Clasificación de los registros acústicos en el área de cría de la merluza argentina y su relación con la distribución vertical de los principales grupos de meso y macrozooplancton. Inf Invest. INIDEP Nº 102/2022. 25 p.
Mianzan HW. 1999. Ctenophora. In: Boltovskoy D, editor. South Atlantic zooplankton. Leiden: Blackhuys. p. 561-573.
Mianzan HW, Guerrero RA. 2000. Environmental patterns and biomass distribution of gelatinous macrozooplankton. Three study cases in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean. Sci Mar. 64: 215-224.
Miller T, Herra T, Legget W. 1995. An individual-based analysis of the variability of eggs and their newly hatched larvae of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) on the Scotian Shelf. Can J Fish Aquat Sci. 52: 1083-1093.
Morales-Nin B, Bjelland RM, Moksness E. 2005. Otolith microstructure of a hatchery reared European hake (Merluccius merluccius). Fish Res. 74: 300-305.
Moriondo P. 2002. Alimentación de larvas y juveniles de merluza (Merluccius hubbsi) en su área de cría norpatagónica [tesis de licenciatura] Mar del Plata: Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. 47 p.
Nocera AC, Giménez EM, Diez MJ, Retana MV, Winkler G. 2021. Krill diel vertical migration in Southern Patagonia. J Plankton Res. 43 (4): 610-623.
Otero H, Bezzi S, Renzi M, Verazay G. 1982. Atlas de los recursos pesqueros del Mar Argentino. Contrib Inst Nac Invest Desarr Pesq (Mar del Plata). Nº 423. 248 p.
Pájaro M, Macchi GJ, Martos P. 2005. Reproductive pattern of the Patagonian stock of the Argentine hake (Merluccius hubbsi). Fish Res. 72: 97-108.
Palma ED, Matano RP, Piola AR. 2008. A numerical study of the Southwestern Atlantic Shelf circulation: stratified ocean response to local and offshore forcing. J Geophys Res. 113: C11010. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1029/2007JC004720
Palomera I, Olivar MP, Morales-Nin B. 2005. Larval development and growth of the European hake Merluccius merluccius in the northwestern Mediterranean. Sci Mar. 69 (2): 251-258.
Papaconstantinou C, Stergiou KI. 1995. Biology and fisheries of eastern Mediterranean hake (Merluccius merluccius). In: Alheit J, Pitcher TJ, editors. Hake: biology, fisheries and markets. London: Chapman & Hall. p. 149-180.
Paparazzo FE, Pierattini Martinez R, Fabro Cerreia Fus E, Gonçalves RJ, Crespi A, Augusto C, et al. 2021. Relevance of sporadic upwelling events on primary productivity: the key role of nitrogen in a gulf of SW Atlantic Ocean. Estuar Coast Shelf S. 249: 1-9.
Payne AI, Punt AE. 1995. Biology and fisheries of South African Cape hakes (M. capensis and M. paradoxus). In: Alheit J, Pitcher TJ, editors. Hake: biology, fisheries and markets. London: Chapman & Hall. p. 15-47.
Pepin P, Orr D, Anderson JT. 1997. Time to hatch and larval size in relation to temperature and egg size in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). Can J Fish Aquat Sci. 54: 2-10.
Pérez Seijas GM, Ramirez FC, Viñas MD. 1987. Variaciones de la abundancia numérica y biomasa del zooplancton de red en el Golfo San Jorge (año 1985). Rev Invest Desarr Pesq. 7: 5-20.
Piola AR, Rivas A. 1997. Corrientes en la Plataforma Continental. In: Boschi EE, editor. Antecedentes históricos de las exploraciones en el mar y las características ambientales. El Mar Argentino y sus recursos pesqueros. Tomo 1. Mar del Plata: Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero (INIDEP). p. 119-132
Pisoni JP, Rivas AL, Piola AR. 2015. On the variability of tidal fronts on a macrotidal continental shelf, Northern Patagonia, Argentina. Deep-Sea Res Part II, Top Stud Oceanogr. 119: 61-68.
Pisoni JP, Rivas AL, Tonini MH. 2020. Coastal upwelling in the San Jorge gulf (southwestern Atlantic) from remote sensing, modelling and hydrographic data. Estuar Coast Shelf S. 245: 106919.
Prenski B, Angelescu V. 1993. Ecología trófica de la merluza común (Merluccius hubbsi) del Mar Argentino. Parte 3. Consumo anual de alimento a nivel poblacional y su relación con la explotación de las pesquerías multiespecíficas. INIDEP Doc Cient. 1. 119 p.
Purcell JE, Arai MN. 2001. Interactions of pelagic cnidarians and ctenophores with fish: a review. Hydrobiologia. 451 (1): 27-44.
Radonic M, Suárez J, Vega AG, Desiderio J, López A, Boccanfuso JJ, Martínez P, Spinedi M, Bianca F, Bernatene F, Betti P, Álvarez Colombo G. 2013. Experiencia de cultivo de larvas de Merluza Merluccius hubbsi. Inf Invest INIDEP Nº 85/2013. 9 p.
Ricker WE. 1954. Stock and recruitment. J Fish Res Board Can. 11: 559-623.
Rijnsdorp AD, Van Damme C, Witthames P. 2010. Implications of fisheries-induced changes in stock structure and reproductive potential for stock recovery of a sex-dimorphic species, North Sea plaice. ICES J Mar Sci. 67: 1931-1938.
Rijnsdorp AD, Vingerhoed B. 1994. The ecological significance of geographical and seasonal differences in egg size in sole Solea solea (L.). Neth J Sea Res. 32: 255-270.
Rivas AL, Piola A. 2002. Vertical stratification at the shelf off northern Patagonia. Cont Shelf Res. 22: 1549-1558.
Rodriguez J, Alves NM, Schiariti A, Di Mauro R, Diaz MV. 2023. Variación interanual de la condición nutricional de larvas de Merluccius hubbsi en la zona de cría norpatagónica (enero 2010-2021). Inf Invest INIDEP Nº 25/2023. 31 p.
Rodrigues KA, Leonarduzzi E, Macchi GJ, Militelli MI. 2018. Maternal condition, fecundity and oocyte quality of the Argentine hake (Merluccius hubbsi) from the Northern stock. Fish Res. 197: 105-112. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2017.09.005
Rodrigues KA, Macchi GJ, Militelli MI. 2015. Comparative study of spawning pattern and reproductive potential of the Northern and Southern stocks of the Argentine hake (Merluccius hubbsi). J Sea Res. 102: 22-32. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2015.04.002
Romero SL, Piola AR, Charo M, García CAE. 2006. Chlorophyll-a variability off Patagonia based on SeaWiFS data. J Geophys Res. 111. C05021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JC003244
Rothschild BJ, Fogarty M. 1989. Spawning stock biomass: a source of error in recruitment/stock relationship and management advice. ICES J Cons. 45: 131-135.
Ruiz AE, Fondacaro RR. 1997. Diet of hake (Merluccius hubbsi Marini) in a spawning and nursery area within Patagonian shelf waters. Fish Res. 30: 157-160.
Sabatini ME, Martos P. 2002. Mesozooplankton features in a frontal area off northern Patagonia (Argentina) during spring 1995 and 1998. Sci Mar. 66: 215-232.
Saborido-Rey F, Kjesbu OS, Thorsen A. 2003. Buoyancy of Atlantic cod larvae in relation to developmental stage and maternal influences. J Plank Res. 25 (3): 291-307.
Sánchez F, Prenski LB. 1996. Ecología trófica de peces demersales en el Golfo San Jorge. Rev Invest Desarr Pesq. 10: 57-71.
Sánchez RP, Ciechomski JD. 1995. Spawning and nursery grounds of pelagic fish species in the sea-shelf off Argentina and adjacent areas. Sci Mar. 59: 455-478.
Santos B, Buratti C, Renzi MA. 2005. Crecimiento en el grupo de edad 0 de la merluza argentina, Merluccius hubbsi, al sur de 41° S. Inf Téc Int DNI-INIDEP Nº 124/2005. 10 p.
Santos BA, Ramírez FC. 1995. Distribución y abundancia de copépodos en el sistema frontal de Península Valdés, durante florecimientos fitoplanctónicos. Thalassas. 11: 133-142.
Santos B, Villarino MF. 2013. Evaluación del estado de explotación del efectivo sur de 41° S de merluza (Merluccius hubbsi) y estimación de la captura biológicamente aceptable para 2013. Inf Téc INIDEP Nº 29/2013. 30 p.
Santos B, Villarino MF. 2022. Evaluación del estado de explotación del efectivo sur de 41° S de merluza (Merluccius hubbsi) y estimación de la captura biológicamente aceptable para 2023. Inf Téc INIDEP Nº 53/2022. 42 p.
Scott BE, Marteinsdottir G, Begg G, Wright P, Kjesbu O. 2005. Effects of population size/age structure, condition and temporal dynamics of spawning on reproductive output in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). Ecol Mod. 191: 383- 415.
Simpson JH. 1981. The shelf-sea fronts: implications of their existence and behavior. Philos Trans R Soc Lond Ser A. 302: 531-546.
Simpson JH, Bowers D. 1981. Models of stratification and frontal movement in shelf seas. Deep-Sea Res. 28: 727-738.
Simpson JH, Hunter JR. 1974. Fronts in the Irish Sea. Nature. 250: 404-406.
Suárez J, Vega AG, Bianca F, Boccanfuso JJ, Martinez PJ, Spinedi M, Bernatene F, Aristizabal EO. 2013. Ensayo en cautiverio sobre cría larval de merluza Merluccius hubbsi. Inf Invest INIDEP Nº 1/2013. 14 p.
Temperoni B. 2015. Análisis de la alimentación de larvas y juveniles del ‘stock’ patagónico de la merluza común (Merluccius hubbsi) en relación con la composición taxonómica, abundancia y calidad nutricional del zooplancton [tesis doctoral]. Mar del Plata: Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. 171 p.
Temperoni B, Derisio C, Martos P, Marrari M. 2019b. Abundancia y calidad nutricional del macrozooplancton en el Golfo San Jorge: implicancias tróficas para prerreclutas de Merluccius hubbsi. Inf Invest INIDEP Nº 67/2019. 12 p.
Temperoni B, Isla Naveira R, Massa AE. 2020c. Los ácidos grasos como indicadores nutricionales y tróficos en prerreclutas de Merluccius hubbsi. Inf Invest. INIDEP Nº 82/2020. 13 p.
Temperoni B, Isla Naveira R, Massa AE. 2022. Los ácidos grasos como indicadores de calidad nutricional del zooplancton: análisis primaveral en el Golfo San Jorge. Inf Invest INIDEP Nº 15/2022. 8 p.
Temperoni B, Massa AE. 2021. Densidad energética del macrozooplancton en el Golfo San Jorge: variación estacional y espacial. Inf Invest INIDEP Nº 57/2021. 10 p.
Temperoni B, Massa AE, Derisio C, Martos P, Berghoff C, Viñas MD. 2018. Effect of nursery ground variability on condition of Merluccius hubbsi Marini 1933 prerecruits (age-0+ year). J Fish Biol. 93 (6): 1090-1101.
Temperoni B, Massa AE, Martos P, Marrari M. 2020a. Seasonal and spatial variability in condition of age-0+ Merluccius hubbsi in the San Jorge Gulf (Argentina): a bottom-up perspective. Fish Oceanogr. 29 (6): 597-611.
Temperoni B, Massa AE, Viñas MD. 2019a. Fatty acids composition as an indicator of food intake in Merluccius hubbsi Marini 1933 larvae. J Mar Biol Assoc UK. 99 (4): 983-990.
Temperoni B, Massa AE, Viñas MD. 2020b. Energy content of age-0+ Merluccius hubbsi as a food quality proxy for upper level predators. Pan Am J Aquat Sci. 15 (3): 195-203.
Temperoni B, Viñas MD. 2013. Food and feeding of the Argentine hake (Merluccius hubbsi) larvae in the Patagonian nursery ground. Fish Res. 148: 47-55.
Temperoni B, Viñas MD, Buratti C. 2013. Feeding strategy of juvenile (age-0) Argentine hake (Merluccius hubbsi) in the Patagonian nursery ground. J Fish Biol. 83: 1354-1370.
Temperoni B, Viñas MD, Martos P, Marrari M. 2014. Spatial patterns of copepod biodiversity in relation to a tidal front system in the main spawning and nursery area of the Argentine hake Merluccius hubbsi. J Mar Syst. 139: 433-445. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2014.08.015
Tonini MH, Palma ED, Rivas AL. 2006. Modelo de alta resolución de los golfos Patagónicos. Mecánica Comput. 25: 1441-1460.
Torres A, Paparazzo F, Williams G, Rivas A, Solis M, Esteves J. 2018. Dynamics of macronutrients in the San Jorge gulf during spring and summer. Oceanography. 31: 25-32.
Trippel EA. 1998. Egg size and viability and seasonal offspring production of young Atlantic Cod. Trans Am Fish Soc. 127 (3): 339-359.
Trippel EA. 1999. Estimation of stock reproductive potential: history and challenges for Canadian Atlantic gadoid stock assessments. Variations in maturation, growth, condition and spawning stock biomass production in groundfish. J North Atl Fish Sci. 25: 61-81.
Vaz-dos-Santos AM, Rossi-Wongtschowski CL, Figueiredo JL. 2009. Merluccius hubbsi (Teleostei: Merlucciidae): stock identification based on reproductive biology in the south-southeast Brazilian region. Braz J Oceanogr. 57 (1): 17-31. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1679-87592009000100003
Vert-pre KA, Amoroso RO, Jensen OP, Hilborn R. 2013. Frequency and intensity of productivity regime shifts in marine fish stocks. Proc Nat Acad Sci. 110: 1779-1784. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1214879110
Viñas MD, Ramírez FC, Santos BA, Pérez Seijas GM. 1992. Zooplancton distribuido en el área de desove y de crianza Norpatagónica de la merluza (Merluccius hubbsi). Frente Marit. 11: 105-113.
Viñas MD, Santos BA. 2000. First-feeding of hake (Merluccius hubbsi) larvae and prey availability in the North Patagonian spawning area. Comparison with anchovy. Arch Fish Mar Res. 48: 242-254.
Woodbury D, Hollowed AB, Pearce J. 1995. Interannual variation in growth rates and back-calculated spawn sates of juvenile pacific hake (Merluccius productus). In: Secor DH, Dean JM, Campana SE, editors. Recent developments in fish otolith research. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press: 481-496.
Wright PJ, Trippel EA. 2009. Fishery-induced demographic changes in the timing of spawning: consequences to reproductive success. Fish Fish. 10: 283-304.
Wuenschel M, McBride R, Fitzhugh G. 2013. Relations between total gonad energy and physiological measures of condition in the period leading up to spawning: results of a laboratory experiment on black sea bass (Centropristis striata). Fish Res. 138: 110-119.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Gustavo J. Macchi, Gustavo Álvarez Colombo, Mauro Belleggia, Paola Betti, Daniel Brown, Georgina Cepeda, Carla Derisio, Marina V. Diaz, Martín Ehrlich, Ezequiel Leonarduzzi, Laura Machinandiaren, Patricia Martos, Betina Santos, Agustin Schiariti, Lucila Sobrero, Brenda Temperoni
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors of articles published in Marine and Fishery Sciences retain copyright on their articles, except for any third-party images and other materials added by Marine and Fishery Sciences, which are subject to copyright of their respective owners. Authors are therefore free to disseminate and re-publish their articles, subject to any requirements of third-party copyright owners and subject to the original publication being fully cited. Visitors may also download and forward articles subject to the citation requirements. The ability to copy, download, forward or otherwise distribute any materials is always subject to any copyright notices displayed. Copyright notices must be displayed prominently and may not be obliterated, deleted or hidden, totally or partially.
This journal offers authors an Open Access policy. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles, or use them for any other legal purpose within the Creative Commons 4.0 license (BY-NC-SA), without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. This is in accordance with the BOAI definition of Open Access.
