Ingestión de microfibras en Patagonotothen kreffti del Área Marina Protegida Namuncurá/Banco Burdwood
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47193/mafis.3912026010102Palabras clave:
Nototénidos, microfibras semi-sintéticas, microfibras sintéticas, celulosa, bioindicadorResumen
Las microfibras (MFs) son un contaminante antropogénico con gran impacto en el ambiente marino. Debido a su tamaño, pueden ser ingeridos por los organismos directamente (desde el medio ambiente) o indirectamente (con sus presas). El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar y comparar la ocurrencia, abundancia y características fisicoquímicas de MFs presentes en Patagonotothen kreffti del Área Marina Protegida Namuncurá/Banco Burdwood (AMP N/BB) de dos temporadas: invierno y primavera. Los nototénidos fueron obtenidos de las campañas oceanográficas de agosto y diciembre 2018. Mediante digestiones oxidativas de los tractos gastrointestinales, se recuperaron las MFs y determinó el número por individuo (MFs ind-1) y por gramo de tejido (MFs g-1). Se caracterizó a cada MF con longitud total, color, desgaste y decoloración, y la composición química. P. kreffti en invierno presentó una ocurrencia del 100% y valores de 5,71 ± 3,19 MFs ind-1 y 1,22 ± 1,45 MFs g-1, mientras que en primavera la ocurrencia fue 85,71%, y las abundancias de 3,71 ± 3,30 MFs ind-1 y 0,28 ± 0,23 MFs g-1, sin hallarse diferencias significativas entre temporadas (Wilcoxon, p > 0,05). El tamaño promedio de las MFs fue 0,89 mm, las MFs azules fueron mayoritarias (57,35%). Se observó desgaste y decoloración en 42,42% de las MFs. Las MFs de celulosa fueron las más abundantes seguidas por las de poliéster. P. kreffti podría facilitar la evaluación de las MFs en el AMP N/BB debido a que es endémica y presenta abundancias de MFs mayores a otros nototénidos del área.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Mariel Ojeda, Paula Bianconi, Guido N. Rimondino, Cintia P. Fraysse, Claudia C. Boy, Analía F. Pérez

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