Selectivity experience of fishes of the Merlucciidae Family in Chile
Keywords:
Hake, selectivity, mean length, sustainability, ChileAbstract
The Fisheries Technology Laboratory of the School of Marine Sciences of the Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso participated in the selective improvement of fishing gears in order to contribute to the sustainability of fisheries in Chile. In that sense, it is worth mentioning the works oriented to fishery resources of the Merlucciidae Family exploited in Chilean waters that were conducted, specifically, on common hake (Merluccius gayi gayi), hoki (Macruronus magellanicus) and southern hake (Merluccius australis). The specific fishing gears object of study correspond to bottom trawl nets and gill nets (common hake), midwater trawl nets (hoki) and vertical longlines (southern hake). Results indicate that the use of square mesh escape panels in trawl nets reduces catches of hake juvenile specimens. On the other hand, preliminary experiences of selectivity in gill nets allowed to estimate and recommend a minimum mesh size to increase the mean length of catch thus reducing that of juveniles. The results obtained were validated in different areas of the country. Regarding southern hake, the experiments carried out indicate that the use of different hook sizes in artisanal fishing does not directly affect the composition of the sizes caught. As to hoki, underwater filming made it possible to observe and describe the escape behaviour through square mesh panels in midwater trawls that shows a swimming capacity sufficient enough to counteract the flow and escape through the mesh.
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Copyright (c) 2014 Erik Gaete Alfaro

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