NOAA’s National Weather Service Cooperative
Observer Program (COOP) and the US Geological
Service (USGS) have used citizen science and
crowdsourcing for over a century. In this way, vol-
unteers collaborate with reports ranging from bio-
diversity to computer science, health and medicine,
and even disaster response. Official government
websites, such as citizenscience.gov and chal-
lenge.gov, are designed to speed up the use of
crowdsourcing and citizen science. According to
the Federal Community of Practice for Crowd-
sourcing and Citizen Science (FedCCS, USA),
civic engagement plays an increasingly important
role, not only in society but also in research, for
example the course of action taken by different
actors to actively participate in a science-based
society. The National Geographic Society runs a
Citizen Science Project where people can partici-
pate in wildlife observations identifying plants and
animals as part of a BioBlitz, uploading and adding
them to a global database of biodiversity to support
local to global research projects; joining to an inter-
national citizen-science campaign to raise public
awareness of the impact of light pollution (Global
at Night); monitoring and reporting on coral
bleaching and disease and marine invasive species
in Hawaii (Coral Bleaching), among others.
In Germany, the Green Paper Citizen Science
Strategy 2020 (GEWISS) project is supported by
the German Federal Ministry of Education and
Research, and was developed with the input of
over 700 participants from 350 organizations, sci-
entific institutions, learned societies, non-govern-
mental organizations and civic societies, founda-
tions, and private individuals.
In Argentina, researchers from the Instituto
Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Pesquero
(INIDEP) trained local students and teachers to
We are pleased to publish our first Citizen Sci-
ence research article in this journal. We believe this
type of collaborative activities must be present
here as recognition of citizens’ interest in marine
sciences and their growing concern for the protec-
tion of the environment. Citizen Science is under-
stood to be scientific research which involves
active co-working of non-trained citizens together
with scientists and professionals. In formal terms,
Citizen Science has been defined as ‘the systemat-
ic collection and analysis of data, the development
of technology, the testing of natural phenomena,
and the dissemination of these activities by
researchers on a primarily vocational basis (Open-
Scientist)’. It may encompass basic or applied sci-
ence research activities, locally or globally, follow-
ing protocols and practices of the disciplines in
which the research is framed. Citizen participation
can range from short-term collection of data to
intensive use of leisure time to delve deeper into a
research topic together with scientists and/or other
volunteers, asking questions, or being involved in
some or all phases of the research process. More-
over, Citizen Science has turned to be a way to pro-
mote scientific and environmental education by
using information and communication technolo-
gies to generate locally-based projects (Wals et al.
2014). In Citizen Science, the general public take
part voluntarily in the scientific process, address-
ing real-world problems in different ways such as
formulating research questions, conducting scien-
tific experiments, collecting and analyzing data,
interpreting results, making new discoveries,
developing technologies and applications, and
solving complex problems (Senabre et al. 2018).
Citizen Science complements the outreach and
training activities carried out by different organiza-
tions around the world. US agencies, such as
MARINE AND FISHERY SCIENCES 35 (1): 5-6 (2022)
https://doi.org/10.47193/mafis.3512022010105 5
Marine and
Fishery Sciences
MAFIS
EDITORIAL’S CORNER
Citizen Science